简单分区和文件系统
fdisk是用于管理磁盘分区的实用程序。你可以通过选择 -l 选项和制定磁盘名称 (fdisk -cul /dev/vda)运行程序,查看磁盘极其分区。
你也可以通过交互式运行该程序,并选择相应的菜单选项(fdisk -cu /dev/vda)进行更改,-c 禁用旧的DOS兼容模式 -u 以扇区而不是柱面的格式显示输出
[root@MIO-02 ~]# fdisk -cu /dev/vda
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/vda: 8589 MB, 8589934592 bytes
16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 16644 cylinders, total 16777216 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x0005b3b1
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/vda2 411648 8800255 4194304 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vda3 8800256 10897407 1048576 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/vda4 10897408 16777215 2939904 5 Extended
/dev/vda5 10899456 12996607 1048576 83 Linux
创建新分区
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/vda1 * 2048 411647 204800 83 Linux
/dev/vda2 411648 8800255 4194304 8e Linux LVM
/dev/vda3 8800256 10897407 1048576 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/vda4 10897408 16777215 2939904 5 Extended
/dev/vda5 10899456 12996607 1048576 83 Linux
Command (m for help): n
First sector (12998656-16777215, default 12998656):
Using default value 12998656
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (12998656-16777215, default 16777215): +200M
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
文件系统比较
EXT4 是RHEL6的标准文件系统,他非常强大可靠,具有多项可以提高现代工作量处理性能的功能。
EXT2 是常用于linux中较旧的文件系统。他简单可靠,非常适合小型存储设备,但是效率低于ext4。
VFAT支持包括一系列相关的文件系统,在大量设备上受到支持
创建和使用新文件系统
格式化
[root@MIO-02 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/vda6
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
51200 inodes, 204800 blocks
10240 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
25 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
blkid可以显示块设备内容的相关信息
[root@MIO-02 ~]# blkid /dev/vda6
/dev/vda6: UUID="e3986807-ed43-41eb-b5f8-bf3d3167725e" TYPE="ext4"
向/etc/fstad添加条目并挂载
[root@MIO-02 ~]# mkdir /testmount
[root@MIO-02 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Wed May 14 22:47:42 2014
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/vg_mio02-LogVol00 / ext4 defaults 1 1
UUID="e3986807-ed43-41eb-b5f8-bf3d3167725e" /testmount ext4 defaults 0 0
UUID=4bd53e77-f8aa-4207-a7c7-046c65560e0f /boot ext4 defaults 1 2
UUID=4a64dab8-53b2-41ea-92e5-a1055f88364b swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
[root@MIO-02 ~]# mount -a
删除文件系统
[root@MIO-02 ~]# umount /dev/vda6
[root@MIO-02 ~]# vi /etc/fstab
管理交换空间
添加
[root@MIO-02 ~]# mkswap /dev/vda6^C
[root@MIO-02 ~]# vi /etc/fstab ^C
[root@MIO-02 ~]# swapon -a^C
[root@MIO-02 ~]# swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/vda3 partition 1048568 0 -1
/dev/vda6 partition 204792 0 -2
删除
[root@MIO-02 ~]# swapoff /dev/vda3
上一篇:网络配置和故障排除 下一篇:快递查询API